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#include "modulus/factorial.hpp"
#pragma once
#include <vector>
#include "../modulus/mint.hpp"
template <int32_t MOD>
mint<MOD> fact(int n) {
static std::vector<mint<MOD> > memo(1, 1);
while (n >= memo.size()) {
memo.push_back(memo.back() * mint<MOD>(memo.size()));
}
return memo[n];
}
template <int32_t MOD>
mint<MOD> inv_fact(int n) {
static std::vector<mint<MOD> > memo;
if (memo.size() <= n) {
int l = memo.size();
int r = n * 1.3 + 100;
memo.resize(r);
memo[r - 1] = fact<MOD>(r - 1).inv();
for (int i = r - 2; i >= l; -- i) {
memo[i] = memo[i + 1] * (i + 1);
}
}
return memo[n];
}
#line 2 "modulus/factorial.hpp"
#include <vector>
#line 2 "modulus/mint.hpp"
#include <cstdint>
#include <iostream>
#line 2 "modulus/modpow.hpp"
#include <cassert>
#line 4 "modulus/modpow.hpp"
inline int32_t modpow(uint_fast64_t x, uint64_t k, int32_t MOD) {
assert (/* 0 <= x and */ x < (uint_fast64_t)MOD);
uint_fast64_t y = 1;
for (; k; k >>= 1) {
if (k & 1) (y *= x) %= MOD;
(x *= x) %= MOD;
}
assert (/* 0 <= y and */ y < (uint_fast64_t)MOD);
return y;
}
#line 2 "modulus/modinv.hpp"
#include <algorithm>
#line 5 "modulus/modinv.hpp"
inline int32_t modinv_nocheck(int32_t value, int32_t MOD) {
assert (0 <= value and value < MOD);
if (value == 0) return -1;
int64_t a = value, b = MOD;
int64_t x = 0, y = 1;
for (int64_t u = 1, v = 0; a; ) {
int64_t q = b / a;
x -= q * u; std::swap(x, u);
y -= q * v; std::swap(y, v);
b -= q * a; std::swap(b, a);
}
if (not (value * x + MOD * y == b and b == 1)) return -1;
if (x < 0) x += MOD;
assert (0 <= x and x < MOD);
return x;
}
inline int32_t modinv(int32_t x, int32_t MOD) {
int32_t y = modinv_nocheck(x, MOD);
assert (y != -1);
return y;
}
#line 6 "modulus/mint.hpp"
/**
* @brief quotient ring / 剰余環 $\mathbb{Z}/n\mathbb{Z}$
*/
template <int32_t MOD>
struct mint {
int32_t value;
mint() : value() {}
mint(int64_t value_) : value(value_ < 0 ? value_ % MOD + MOD : value_ >= MOD ? value_ % MOD : value_) {}
mint(int32_t value_, std::nullptr_t) : value(value_) {}
explicit operator bool() const { return value; }
inline mint<MOD> operator + (mint<MOD> other) const { return mint<MOD>(*this) += other; }
inline mint<MOD> operator - (mint<MOD> other) const { return mint<MOD>(*this) -= other; }
inline mint<MOD> operator * (mint<MOD> other) const { return mint<MOD>(*this) *= other; }
inline mint<MOD> & operator += (mint<MOD> other) { this->value += other.value; if (this->value >= MOD) this->value -= MOD; return *this; }
inline mint<MOD> & operator -= (mint<MOD> other) { this->value -= other.value; if (this->value < 0) this->value += MOD; return *this; }
inline mint<MOD> & operator *= (mint<MOD> other) { this->value = (uint_fast64_t)this->value * other.value % MOD; return *this; }
inline mint<MOD> operator - () const { return mint<MOD>(this->value ? MOD - this->value : 0, nullptr); }
inline bool operator == (mint<MOD> other) const { return value == other.value; }
inline bool operator != (mint<MOD> other) const { return value != other.value; }
inline mint<MOD> pow(uint64_t k) const { return mint<MOD>(modpow(value, k, MOD), nullptr); }
inline mint<MOD> inv() const { return mint<MOD>(modinv(value, MOD), nullptr); }
inline mint<MOD> operator / (mint<MOD> other) const { return *this * other.inv(); }
inline mint<MOD> & operator /= (mint<MOD> other) { return *this *= other.inv(); }
};
template <int32_t MOD> mint<MOD> operator + (int64_t value, mint<MOD> n) { return mint<MOD>(value) + n; }
template <int32_t MOD> mint<MOD> operator - (int64_t value, mint<MOD> n) { return mint<MOD>(value) - n; }
template <int32_t MOD> mint<MOD> operator * (int64_t value, mint<MOD> n) { return mint<MOD>(value) * n; }
template <int32_t MOD> mint<MOD> operator / (int64_t value, mint<MOD> n) { return mint<MOD>(value) / n; }
template <int32_t MOD> std::istream & operator >> (std::istream & in, mint<MOD> & n) { int64_t value; in >> value; n = value; return in; }
template <int32_t MOD> std::ostream & operator << (std::ostream & out, mint<MOD> n) { return out << n.value; }
#line 4 "modulus/factorial.hpp"
template <int32_t MOD>
mint<MOD> fact(int n) {
static std::vector<mint<MOD> > memo(1, 1);
while (n >= memo.size()) {
memo.push_back(memo.back() * mint<MOD>(memo.size()));
}
return memo[n];
}
template <int32_t MOD>
mint<MOD> inv_fact(int n) {
static std::vector<mint<MOD> > memo;
if (memo.size() <= n) {
int l = memo.size();
int r = n * 1.3 + 100;
memo.resize(r);
memo[r - 1] = fact<MOD>(r - 1).inv();
for (int i = r - 2; i >= l; -- i) {
memo[i] = memo[i + 1] * (i + 1);
}
}
return memo[n];
}